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The Battle of the Border ((ポーランド語:Bitwa graniczna)) refers to the battles that occurred in the first days〔The Battle of the Border began on 1 September, but sources vary with their assignment of an end date for this phase of the campaign. The shortest period is delimited by the date of 3 September ((Encyklopedia Internautica )), usually related to the Battle of Mława, while the longer one gives the date of the 6th ((Encyklopedia PWN )) (the order of Edward Rydz-Śmigły to fall back) or sometimes the 7th of September (the symbolic capitulation of Westerplatte).〕 of the German invasion of Poland in September, 1939. The series of battles ended in a German victory, as Polish forces were either destroyed or forced to retreat. ==Before the battle== The Polish defense plan (''Plan Zachód'') called for a defense of Poland's borders in case of invasion from Germany. Much of Poland's new industry and major population centers were located in the border area (particularly in Silesia); however, the lengthy border was very difficult to defend properly. The plan was criticized by some of the Polish military and Western advisors, but supported by politicians who feared the effect of abandoning a significant part of the population to the enemy without a fight, and who were further discouraged from abandoning those territories as the Polish allies (France and the United Kingdom) did not guarantee the Borders of Poland and might well decide to allow the Germans to take the Polish Corridor they demanded in exchange for peace (pursuing a policy of appeasement). The German invasion plan (''Fall Weiss'') called for the start of hostilities before the declaration of war and for the Blitzkrieg doctrine of lightning war to be pursued. German units were to invade Poland from three directions: *from the German mainland through the western Polish border *from the north, from the exclave of East Prussia *from the territory of Slovakia, accompanied by allied Slovak units All three assaults were to converge on Warsaw, while the main Polish army was to be encircled and destroyed west of the Vistula. Poland, which already had a smaller population and thus a smaller military budget and army than Germany, was further disadvantaged because Poland was unsure whether the war would start already, and its armed forces were not fully mobilized by 1 September. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「battle of the border」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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